He was trying to form a new government but instead caused thousands of people to be massacred. The National Convention supported the Committee's near-dictatorial power as they thought offering them expansive powers would lead to efficiency of government. " Although this quote seems confusing at first, further studied despotism is another word for tyranny or dictatorship, which basically means that a government in revolution is the tyranny of liberty against tyranny- the tyranny of freedom over tyranny. What were the two causes of the War in the Vendee? Reign of Terror, also called the Terror, French La Terreur, period of the French Revolution from September 5, 1793, to July 27, 1794 (9 Thermidor, year II). This caused Corday to be called to an execution. 7. The publication of the manifesto by the Austrian commander, the duke of Brunswick, asserting the intent of Austria to restore the Kings powers, pushed everyone over the edge. He did not provide enough support for the Girondins, despite hearing the rumors that the Montagnards could overthrow the Girondins. The main cause of the Terror was the perceived disunity of France at a time of extreme political instability in the face of internal crisis and external threats. Our professional writers can rewrite it and get you a unique paper. Noelle Plack, 'Challenges in the Countryside, 17902', in David Andress (ed.). He was thought to be protecting the French Revolution by creating this. This served as a justification for the violence of the Terror, necessary to unify France in the face of foreign threats. The Gods of the Greeks. He thought that Liberty could not be secured unless criminals lose their heads. Edinger, R. E. (1994). The first reason why The Reign of Terror was not justified was because of the barbaric Over the next few days, around 100 supporters of Robespierre were executed. Upload unlimited documents and save them online. 27 Jun 2023 14:40:48 The Civil Constitution of the clergy was made, where the clergy and nobles, were now to have the same things as the rest of the population, bringing all the estates into one. The period from 1793 to 1794 was referred to as the 'Reign of Terror' because of the following reasons: Maximilian Robespierre followed a policy of severe control and punishment. National Assembly: the National Constituent Assembly governed France following the Storming of the Bastille in July 1789 and dissolved itself in October 1791. Many became utterly disillusioned with the Revolution and even called for a return to the monarchy. Robespierre was the leader of the Public Safety Committee, and the reason king Louis XVI and many others were executed. The Reign of Terror was not justified due to the fact that they were undermined in the incorrect manners, they utilized superfluous strategies to slaughter individuals, and their reasons weren't signifying their activities. At the end of March 1794, Georges Danton, a vocal critic of the Committee of Public Safety, was arrested on charges of financial corruption and conspiracy. The Reign of Terror was a period of nearly a year from September 1793 onwards, during which Maximilien Robespierre and the Girondins used the powers of the Committee of Public Safety to execute around 17,000 suspected 'counter-revolutionaries' and imprison many more. He was caught at Varennes and escorted to Paris, losing his credibility as a monarch. People may wonder if the Reign of Terror was even justifiable, stating that the French Revolution would have gone through successfully without it, but in all actuality the Reign of Terror was justified by Frances internal and external conflicts along with newer humane methods of ending peoples lives. 3. France suffered devastating defeats in the war until September 1792 when they stopped the Austro-Prussian forces from invading France at the Battle of Valmy. The Reign of Terror started in 1789 and was a time when supporters of the French Revolution ran wild and started killing non-supporters or counterrevolutionaries. Around whom was the Girondin faction formed? INTRODUCTION. Anyone suspected of aiding the enemy was swiftly put on trial and executed. Paranoid that counterrevolutionary traitors would interfere with the government, Robespierre launched the Reign of Terror. Thus leading to the reign of terror and later his own death by the people., The Reign of Terror began because of the growing suspicion of common people supporting the nobles, and the monarchy. The Reign of Terror ended with the arrest and execution of Maximilien Robespierre on 28 July 1794. The Reign of Terror began after the execution of Louis XVI in January 1793 to late July 1794. Robespierre prospered with the help of the Jacobins, who were the most radical and ruthless of the political groups formed in the wake of the French Revolution., Twelve Who Ruled Book Review The Terror had an economic side embodied in the Maximum, a price-control measure demanded by the lower classes of Paris, and a religious side that was embodied in the program of de-Christianization pursued by the followers of Jacques Hbert. This caused a frenzy amongst the members of the Committee as they feared that any of them could be convicted and executed. As historian Noelle Plack put it: While on paper asking clerics to take an oath of fidelity to the nation, the law, the king, and the new Revolutionary constitution may have seemed relatively benign, in reality it became a referendum on whether ones first loyalties were to Catholicism or to the Revolution.1. We can write you a custom essay that will follow your exact instructions and meet the deadlines. Neighboring countries and the catholic church disliked it because they feared a spread of a revolution and they lost power/property. Princeton University Press. Thus leading to the reign of terror and later his own death by the people., The radical leader of the Committee of Public Safety, Robespierre had fanatic and opinionated ideas and beliefs that made him a passionate leader. Maximilien Robespierre, president of the Jacobin Club, was also president of the National Convention and was the most prominent member of the Committee of Public Safety; many credited him with near dictatorial power. After the French got rid of King Louis XIV and Queen Antoinette they had a leader from the Revolution become the monarch; his name was Napoleon. Virtue, the "fundamental principle of the democratic government," was a strong factor of his viewpoint. The First Coalition consisted of the Austrian and Russian empires, the Dutch Republic, and the kingdoms of Prussia, Spain, Naples, Portugal, Sardinia, and Great Britain. The Girondins were immediately accused of supporting the monarchy and going against the Revolution, diminishing their popularity. The philosophers did scrutinise the government, specifically denying that God chose a King to lead the country. (Doc. In Document E, Maximillen Robespierre, the leader of both the National Assembly and the Reign of Terror, is a speech he made to the National Convention. The Reign of Terror instituted the conscripted army, which saved France from invasion by other countries and in that sense preserved the Revolution. As a result, the National Assembly was born. This essay was donated by a student and is likely to have been used and submitted before, Free samples may contain mistakes and not unique parts. These hateful and vengeful acts led to an outburst of fear amongst the french people. Everything you need to know on . The Eternal Drama: The Inner Meaning of Greek Mythology. The Reign of Terror was a moment in french history that began in 1793 and ended a year later in 1794. This event, dependent on the views could be justified, unjustified and mostly justified. Information & Opinions on the Reign of Terror: Attention Grabber: 35,000 people were unnecessarily killed by officials contradicting themselves. On the same day, he was executed, along with 21 of his closest associates. One thing is that it had people moving to the suburbs more because less people got executed from there because there were thought to be more hierarchies living out there. To investigate and prosecute conspirators. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). We will occasionally send you account related emails. Once these foreign and domestic threats were in check in the spring of 1794, Terror continued in the direction of, The Reign of Terror: Was It Justified? The Reign of Terror was a significant time in the French Revolution impacting the nation and killing many individuals. (doc. The Girondins also believed in a free market; thus, being against the imposition of price controls on consumer goods. Police spies were present all over Paris arresting both guilty and innocent, executing them because of pure suspicion. 94% of StudySmarter users achieve better grades. The first tangible rejection of Catholicism came with the Civil Constitution of the Clergy, issued on 12 July 1790. Within the times of the National Assemblys control the have created the Declaration of Rights of Man, created to ensure the peoples rights, but made loopholes. Like the Girondins, Federalists favoured a decentralised France. He was the leader of the Committee of Public Safety, the executive committee of the National Convention, and the most powerful man in France (History Wiz). This causes the Reign of Terror to be unjustified because Document D contradicts what is said in Document A, showing that the government was unfair and corrupt. Then some men disliked what Louis was talking about so they stormed out and filed into a tennis court, and vowed not to leave until they created a new constitution. In 1795, it led to the royalist White Terror and the creation of the French Directory to restore order. This is how the two year period of the Reign of Terror was like in France during the French Revolution. In Document C, it was the day of Cordays execution. Corrections? They were led by chief-prosecutor Robespierre, who found King Louis XVI guilty of crimes against state/treason, and was executed (Doc A), therefore connecting all of these events. This started the War of the First Coalition. The Reign of Terror was led by no other than , Robespierre. From this statement, it is clear that Robespierres revolutionary view focused on the importance of public interest instead of solely influential members who make up the first and second estates. Why did the revolutionary government approve so many killings? The letter from the Vendee to the National Convention expressed that the government was losing poorly to the rebels. Crime and Punishment in Industrial Britain, Advantages of North and South in Civil War, African Americans in the Revolutionary War, Civil War Military Strategies of North and South, Environmental Effects of The Columbian Exchange, Native Americans in the Revolutionary War. Chasing Davis: An Atheists Guide to Morality Using Logic and Science. Such is the aim of the revolutionary system that you have enacted. In September 1793 to July 1794, the Reign of Terror killed over 40,000 people in France using the guillotine a machine that made it a simple way to execute a mass amount of people. What was the significance of the War of the First Coalition for the Reign of Terror?
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